| Malaysia’s history evolved out of influences and invasions due to its strategic location at the crossroad of trade routes from Europe, the Orient, India and China. Around the first century BC, strong trading links were established with China and India, and these had a major impact on the culture, language and social customs of the country. The spread of Islam brought the Hindu-Buddhist era to an end by the 13th century. In the 1500’s the arrival of European colonial powers further influenced the region as they pursued dominance in the lucrative spice trade. The British would ultimately gain control of the Malay States and instill their brand of governance only to lose it temporarily to the Japanese during WWII. Independence was declared on August 31, 1957 and Malaysia was formed in 1963 bringing together the states of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah, and Sarawak. Singapore, however, left the federation in 1965.
Today, Malaysia is made up of 13 states and 3 territories on Peninsula Malaysia and the Island of Borneo. Neighboring countries include Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia and Brunei. Malaysia is recognized as one of the most developed countries in Southeast Asia and is governed by a Parliamentary democracy. Islam is the official religion, but all religions are freely practiced. The largest ethnic groups in Malaysia are Malays, Chinese and Indians. In the state of Sarawak, there are also a number of indigenous ethic groups with their own unique culture and heritage.
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